INTRODUCTION to the ASSIGNMENTA.Institutionalized Injustices Persist in the Criminal “Justice” Process1. Sociology reveals that we live in a stratified society. An individual persons access to social resources and opportunities varies markedly depending on numerousfactors, including thoseassociated with their social location at the always intersecting systems of institutionalized inequalities. Class, race, ethnicity, gender, nationality, religion, and sexual orientationare important predictors of patterned outcomes at the social group level, across institutions, and certainly in the arenas oflawmaking, policing, and punishment.Examining these arenas at a macro level allows sociologists to achieve a sophisticated grasp of the larger social structural dynamics in our institutional processes and outcomes. It is also necessary to the creation of well-informed strategies that actually address the needs appropriately.B.People Make History1.Sociology also reveals that people make history.We are historical agents who help (re)produce and (potentially) transform institutions (including legal and punitive institutions) moment-to-moment throughout our days perpetually. As historical agents, we have the capacity to contribute to change inside the criminal justice system and out. A more just and sustainable world is possible and looming, as authorArundhati Roysuggests: Another world is not only possible, she is on her way. On a quiet day, I can hear her breathing.”C.There are Many Avenues for Critically Informed Social Change1.Social policy is an excellent avenue for social change, because it moves human and economic resources and facilitates enacting concrete actions for concrete change. It directs precisely where our combined social wealth goes. We can continue to invest policy dollars and energy into creating punitive laws, policing the poor, and mass imprisonment–deepening the existing social relationships and macro patterns of unequal power. We can also choose to shift resources toward efforts that address crime and criminalization at their roots, and contribute to healthy communities. Your readings in the final section of the class include policy platforms that you may consider as models (though your proposal will necessarily be much smaller in scope, given word count limits).2.Other strategies for social change include but are not limited tolegislation(lawmaking by representative government or other governmental bodies),litigation(using the courts),research(the work of think tanks, universities, organizations, activists),community organizing(movement building; awareness-building; mobilization; protest; cultural, solidarity, mutual aid work; and more),art and music(immensely important in social movements and social change), andeducating ourselves and others on histories and contemporary realities of crime, criminalization, and punishment(note: education, even critical education, is not enough, but it is an essential ingredient to transforming our institutions). Social change is created and facilitated by people; we are the ones who can build a more just and peaceful future.3.The readings in our section on social change provide critically informed and carefully conceived and articulated theories, practices, and proposals for social change. As Angela Y. Davis boldly said, You have act as if it were possible to radically transform the world. And you have to do it all the time.” The Latin root of the word radical is “rad”for root. Radical change, for Davis and many theorists of change, means addressing social problems at their roots. The get-tough experiment of massive expansion in policing and locking people in cages shows us that we need to shift our responses. We can see that these strategies are bandages for many of our deepest social injuries, and in fact foster additional violence themselves. Criminalizing and policing the poor is not conducive to healing or building up communities, overall, yet our governments continue to use them as the frontline offense for vast arenas of conduct that have been criminalized. To address deeply rooted social problems, we need to develop long-term, multigenerational strategies that address inequities in our institutions at their roots. With a critical vision, we could imagine policies and other community efforts that fulfill human needs and promote healing, justice, and flourishing communities. For the purposes of this paper, I recommend that you put aside concerns of what would easily pass through electorates, legislatures, and courts and imagine and document what it might actually take to create a more just future long-term.II.INSTRUCTIONS and MINIMUM REQUIREMENTSA.Be up to date on the course readings from Section II of the courseRead all readings from Section II carefully!Your essay requires you to select a minimum of 4 reading selections (from Section II of the course) that substantiate your proposal for change. Your selections should be carefully made and reflect your mastery of Section II of the course in its entirety.B. Read this entire document to frame your essay writing.C.Choose a justice issue currently affecting members of a social group or groups in your community or beyond.Feel free to cover any issue pertaining to the criminal justice process, and to include proposals involving work eitherinside or outsidecriminal justice institutions, or both.D.Construct and defend a hypothetical social change effort in response. Your paper should do the following:1.Introduce your topic and establish its importance2.Clearly articulate each aspect of your plan.Plan features will depend on your vision and the type of effort but might include things like a problem statement (brief!), a mission, goals, objectives, or principles of the plan, the concrete steps your plan will involve. The plan should be narrow enough in scope to allow you to describe and discuss it in the few pages allotted for the assignment.3.Defend the choices in the plan throughout the essay, using evidence from course contentespecially readings, but also lecture, in-class handouts, discussion. Dig deeply into course sources to substantiate your choices throughout the essay. The bulk of the essay should contain analysis and synthesis of our course texts. If your proposal is inconsistent with arguments by other authors in Section II of the class, your proposal should engage with or counter those authors explicitly for full points on defense.4.Ground your plan in long-term visionand a critical grasp and the institutionalized and historical nature of social problems. Steer away from short-term service provision that ignore underlying causes. Imagine what it might take to create deep structural, lasting, change.5.Analyze at the institutional levelTo understand social problems sociologically, we need to assess them in historical and institutional contextsespecially macro-level relationships of power. Be sure to maintain a critical focus on large-scale social forces like institutionalized racism, class inequality, or other major axes of power, etc., as you devise and justify your plan.E. UPLOAD YOUR ESSAY in the following format:written and editedto avoid plagiarismand forclarity, conciseness, organization, and rigor.800 – 1000 words (approx.)deeply engaged withfour separate required course readingsfrom the Section II of the course.go for in-depth engagement and show a comprehensive grasp of readings.Try to go beyond in-passing mentions that do not delve beneath the surface, and instead dig deeply into sources–discussing keywords, concepts, or occasional short excerpts.Engaged with at leastone other course source–a peer or instructor comment, film clip(s), or both.Please BOLD *and* NUMBER all citations to make them easy for your instructor to find while reviewing hundreds of papers this midterm week, as follows:R1 through R4+, with Author last name (for readings–in no particular order)C1+, with commenter’s name (for peer or instructor comments)F1+, for films with short title (for film clips)III.Key InformationStraying from these instructions and minimum requirements could profoundly affect your grade or result in not passing the assignment.Starting early will give you time to develop your ideas and refine the writing, analysis, and presentation. I recommend starting now and revising drafts for optimal results.DO NOT HESITATE TO CONTACT ME WITH QUESTIONS OR CONCERNS ABOUT THIS ESSAY.Rubric
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